The role of Innovation and Convergence in Complicating ICT Regulation Essay

The role of Innovation and Convergence in Complicating ICT Regulation - Essay Example The paper tells that the concept of regulation entails a number of aspects including; a specific set of commands; a deliberate influence by the state; and socio-economic influences, all of which influence social or economic behaviour. The authors further argue that although regulation mainly elicits the perception of restricting behaviour and preventive of certain activities, it can also be viewed as facilitative/enabling. For instance, regulation permits and controls the use of airwaves, allowing for broadcasting which would otherwise be chaotic. Borras properly captures the relationship between regulation and ICT through a discussion on standards and innovation. Standards determine the interchangeability and interconnectivity of products and thus the overall technological evolution of the industry. However, the ICT environment is heavily revolutionary in terms of technology and regulator standards find it difficult to always keep up. The regulation of ICT presents with a number of challenges arising several different perspectives and contested issues about how the regulators should go about it. Whereas issues of IPR dominate the cyberspace, other areas in the ICT industry provide an opportunity to limit regulation and promote competition. For instance, elements in network industry value chains involve retailing to end-users where competition is feasible and thus limit the need for regulation. However, the limits to competition among the players in the telecommunications industry are uncertain due the impact of technology. (Baldwin, Cave and Lodge 2010, p. 501). Here, innovation and convergence play an important role in complicating regulation of the ICT sector, calling for equally inventive and capable strategies to ensure proper and healthy regulation. Role of Innovation in Complicating ICT Regulation Innovation in the ICT industry occurs at a much faster pace and from many different angles than in most other sectors. As the Regulation Reform Unit (2010, p. 5-6) argues, regulatory activities and agencies have the challenge of reflecting technological changes and market developments in the ICT environment. Regulation of the ICT sector impinges on many different aspects including competition, interconnection, management of spectrum, authorisation and price controls among other aspects (ICT Regulation Toolkit 2012). Innovation impacts all of these aspects of ICT regulation in different ways but all centering on the rate at which innovation occurs. In terms of competition and price controls, the horizontal and vertical innovations witnessed everyday in the ICT sector challenge the traditional paradigm of regulation which embeds in the economic sense. Technological developments have implications on existing market structures at the overall economic level. A stable format of regulation seeking to stabilise the ICT sector would not hold in some sections as innovations render what is today valuable absolutely unimportant tomorrow. To keep up, the regulatory mechanisms have to evolve and develop new ways of regulating the newly formed ICT market structure. This may

Pollution in Lake Michigan Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Pollution in Lake Michigan - Research Paper Example The researcher states that Wetlands present one of the greatest opportunities for conservation exercises, in a modern world faced by myriad environmental scares. Inland lakes everywhere in the world are perhaps among the only environmental treasures that the world has to protect due to their diversity and environmental importance. In the United States, pollution continues to be the major threat to the integrity of such treasures, which have a chance to be protected with the right approaches. The importance of the Great lakes that hold about a fifth of the entire earth’s fresh water cannot be ignored. Pollution concerns of the Great Lakes have been raised by conservationists, inspiring conservation interventions to be designed and carried out. A highlight of the state of pollution, pollutants and conservation interventions at Lake Michigan is made in this discourse. Specific projects already on the ground by various interagency cooperation plans include the elimination of basic pollution regulations implementation plans around the Lake with follow-ups by state and federal authorities being placed under strict watch. Some of the individual conservation projects carried out by various agencies on the Lake include those by; Michigan Dune Alliance and Michigan Farmland Protection among others. It is then concluded that the Lake Michigan Shorelands Alliance is powerful agency that facilitates the conservation input at the Lake, alongside other government and non-governmental agencies at the site.

Public School Choice Essay -- Research Education Educational Essays

Public School Choice Public School Choice is an easy program to understand and it contains many advantages but also many disadvantages. Public School Choice is when parents can elect to send their children out of a school that has not made adequate yearly progress for two consecutive years into a school that has made progress. (McClure, 2002) If there are no available schools within the original school district, then a family can choose to send their children to another district. This only happens when the other schools in the original district are all labeled as ‘underachieving schools’ and have not made the adequate yearly progress. (McClure, 2002) Some of the advantages to this new public school choice option include: offers a way out of a low performing school, supports educational innovation because it supports alternatives to the traditional school day, school choice can match child and parents needs thus parents will be involved and more committed to the school and their child’s learning experience. (O’Neil, 1996) There are some restrictions when one thinks about the public school choice option. Restrictions include claims that all schools are too crowded, short windows of opportunity for parents to exercise choice, when parent can choose if they want to use school choice or not, and outright restrictions on which schools can participate in public school choice program. (Snell, 2002) Other disadvantages include: create inequalities by taking the more desirable students, fewer opportunities to learn from students of different backgrounds, and changes the focus from education for the public good to education for the private good. Education is no longer being seen as providing ‘some common experience in common se... ...nts Choose Choice. Academic Search/EBSCO databases, pp.63. Retrieved March 6, 2003. Ellig, J. (1999). Issue Analysis 96-School Choice:Issues and Answers. [55 paragrphs]. Retrieved April 3, 2003 from the World Wide Web: www.cse.org/informed/issues_template.php?issue_id=669 Snell, L. (2002). Meaningful Public School Choice. [15 paragraphs]. Retrieved April 3, 2003 from the World Wide Web: http://www.rppi.org/publicschoolchoice.html United States Department of Education (1997). Overview of Charter Schools. Retrieved April 3, 2003 from the World Wide Web: http://uscharterschools.org/pub/uscs_docs/gi/overview.htm Van Dunk, E. (2003). Pros and Cons of School Choice. Retrieved April 3, 2003 from the World Wide Web: http://www.joycefdn.org/articles/eduarticles/0301prosandcons.html O’Neil, J. (1996) New Options, Old Concerns. Educational Leadership, 54, 6-8.

Child Observation Study Essay

1.) Describe the child’s physical appearance. Short and chunky, about 2 feet tall, around 25 pounds, stubby arms and legs, and soft, short curly hair and a small beautiful smile 2.) Give examples of gross motor skills that you observe. Are they age-typical? She walks, runs, and crawls fine. She doesn’t grasp objects very well and she likes shaking them. She needs help climbing and she likes hanging on things. 3.) Give example of fine motor that you observe. Are they age-typical? She plays and grasps almost anything she can get her hands on. The mother then feeds her bread and the child attempts to feed herself but the bread had crumbled in her hand. Then the mother gives her a twist top bottle of Gatorade and the child was able to twist it open and drink from it without spilling. 4.) How does the child move? Does he/she appear comfortable with his/her physical abilities? Give examples. She tugs on her clothes a lot and the pigtails on her head. She seems to pick at her sandals as if their a bit too rough to walk in. the sandals are so uncomfortable that she runs like a robot. 5.) Does the child demonstrate preference of â€Å"handedness†? (left/right) She scribbles and reaches best with her right hand 6.) Would you evaluate the child to be with in average range for physical/motor development in his age group? Why or why not? According to â€Å"The gross and fine motor development in the first 2 years† she is accurately in average range of her motor skills. She is capable of performing all actions on the chart. Her abilities show that she is a good visualizer. Social/ Emotional Development 1.) How does the child relate to other people? Give example if interactions with family, friends, teacher, ect. The child reacts to the grandmothers call more responsive then the mothers call. With other people the child id indifferent. She smiles and approaches other children with curiosity. 2.) How does the child express his/her emotions? Give examples. The child expresses an alerted face when she knows something is wrong, for example, her mother spilled juice on her pants and the child stared at the mess with concern. When she is not allowed to explore she become sad and cries but does not fuss. 3.) How did the child communicate his/her wants/or needs? She stretches out her hands or points towards the object she wants or she will touch her bottom indicating her needs a diaper change. 4.) In what stage is the child according to Erikson? How do you know? Quote your text. According to Erikson’s chart the child is in the Autonomy vs Shame and doubt. From my observation the child is accurately developing within that stage. Cognitive Development 1.) In what stage is the child according to Piaget? How do you know? Give examples of the behaviors that reflect the child’s cognitive growth. According to Piagets chart the child is developing within the sensorimotor stage. Accurately enough the child shows the curiosity of feeling and tasting things 2.) How does the child use language? Give examples of the language used. Indicate such characteristics such as vocabulary, sentence structure, body language, and Pronunciations. Etc. The child words are not yet clear but she estimately knows about 6 words correctly. She can say mama and aba (grandmother). She says â€Å" tata â€Å" when she wants the sippy cup. She also says â€Å"amm† for when she wants food. 3.) How did those around the child respond to the child’s use of language? Was the child understood? Other children don’t understand her but go along by smiling and giggling. They will fight with her if she is taking away something that they had first. 4.) Describe in a short sentence of the child’s play, describing what you observed. In what way is he/she getting information about the world? When something comes up she looks at the mother or grandmother for a response. If one of them isn’t present the child will respond her own way or just leave and find her mother or grandmother. Resources: Eisner Pediatric and family medical center

Same Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized - 1361 Words

Same sex marriage has been the topic of an ongoing controversial debate in many countries for a long time now. This is an important issue because it concerns the basic principle of human rights and basic morality. Same sex marriage should be legalized; it is a violation of human rights, there are many misconceptions of same sex individuals, and allowing same sex marriage to be legalized would provide a boost to the economy. There are many misconceptions of homosexual people. A common myth is that being gay/lesbian is a choice. There have been plenty of studies regarding this issue but all have mostly turned out to be inconclusive results. Scientists have been able to narrow down to the fact that it is partly genetic and biologically based. Personally, I don’t believe that it is a choice to be a homosexual, as much as it is to be born with colored eyes or to be born right or left handed. I just cannot fathom the idea that anyone would ever wake up and choose to be discrimina ted against and ridiculed by choice. (Moskowitz, 2011) It is a tough, long up-hill battle that they face against society just for falling in love or being attracted to someone of the same sex. Dating back to the early 1900’s, there has been historical figures rumored to have been homosexuals. According to the Huffington Post, â€Å"Abraham Lincoln, James Dean, Marlon Brando, Eleanor Roosevelt, Joan of Arc, Amelia Earhart, Alexander the Great, to name a few.† (Wong, 2012) These are all great and talentedShow MoreRelatedShould Same-Sex Marriages Be Legalized?. Same-Sex Marriages2063 Words   |  9 PagesShould Same-Sex Marriages Be Legalized? Same-sex marriages should be illegal because the increase of marriages with the same sex has aroused conflicts in society, affects on children, and religiously. Therefore one must halt the proposal. The history of homosexuality has a lot of stories to tell, however, the beginning of it all would begin shortly and oddly. On the Western contemporary concept of homosexuality would relatively currently be considered new during the day of time. Ideas of homosexualityRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized . The Same Sex Marriage1723 Words   |  7 Pages Same sex marriage should be legalized The same sex marriage has been widely debated in many countries for a long time. It is an important issue because it concerns basic moral and human rights. People all over the world come to the United States in search of freedom and equality. Being able to marry anyone, no matter the gender, is a freedom of right, but if that freedom of right is taken away from people than there is no equality. Homosexual peopleRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized926 Words   |  4 Pageshave misunderstood the meaning of marriage. Marriage is not just a term to describe relationship that are precious to us, it’s more than just a union of heart and mind; it’s an institution between a man and a women. biblically, marriage is a life time union of a man and a women, primarily for the purpose of building a family and providing a stable environments for that family (1 Corinthian 7:2 16) According to Peter Sprigg, same sex marriage should not be legalized because of its immediate and long-termRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Not Be Legalized1562 Words   |  7 Pages~ Busse Same-Sex Debate Essay ~ Ever since the time when America studied family values and focused on healthy and important influences, marriage was considered to be between man and woman holding a physical and spiritual bond between each other, not between man and man and woman and woman. Some may see marriage as between two people of the same gender, or what is known as same-sex marriage. This form of marriage became popular in the U.S. during the 1960’s and 1970’s due to the urge of legalizationRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized898 Words   |  4 Pages2015 same sex marriage was legalized in all fifty states. Many arguments have come around about if homosexuality is genetic or if its chosen. Many people think either way and there aren’t many people who are in between thinking that homosexuality is chosen or not. The song â€Å"Same Love† by Macklemore was released in 2015 when all of the media slowed down about homosexuality and after same sex marriage was legalize d. So when Macklemore released this song more attention came to same sex marriage. ThisRead MoreShould Same Sex Marriage Be Legalized?1372 Words   |  6 PagesThe â€Å"date which will live in infamy† just had a child! As of June 26, 2015, same-sex marriage was legalized in all 50 states of America by the Supreme Court from a ruling that barely passed by a 5-4 vote. Wait a minute. Back up. Do you mean to tell me that boys can marry boys now? That girls can marry girls? That it’s legal?! Wake up America! Do you even realize what you have done? You have given gay people the right to marry. To marry! Who in their right mind would give gay people that cherishedRead MoreShould Same Sex Marriage Be Legalized?945 Words   |  4 PagesShould Same-Sex Marriage Be Legalized? Regardless of color, ethnicity, culture or religion, marriage has been and always have considered to be a man and a woman. This concern has been a debating and a hot topic currently in the United States p olitics, it is prohibited in a majority of the nation till the President have pass the law for same-sex marriage. With this question, I feel that same sex marriage should not be legalized, but it cannot be banned. I sense that a marriage is intensely betweenRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized972 Words   |  4 PagesSame sex couples have been waiting for same sex marriage to be legalized for many decades. According to Ken LaMance, â€Å"One of the first documented challenges to same-sex marriages occurred on May 18th, 1970, where two men applied for a marriage license in Heppenin County, Minnesota† (LaMance). Their request was denied because they felt marriage should be between a man and a woman. Civil Unions were the first step in legalizing same sex marriage. Civil Unions were introduced in 2000 in Vermont. CivilRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized910 Words   |  4 PagesSame-sex marriages also know, as gay/ Lesbian marriage is marriage between peop le of the same sex either as a secular civil ceremony or in a religious setting. In the late 20th century. Religious rites of marriage without legal recognition became increasingly common. In the 21st centuries various types of the same-sex unions have come to be legalized. As of 26 June 2015, eighteen countries; Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, NorwayRead MoreSame Sex Marriage Should Be Legalized2018 Words   |  9 Pages Same-Sex Marriage Legalization in United State of America – Is Legalized Same-Sex Marriage Inevitable? Yiran (Evelyn) Hou University of Minnesota Twin Cities Same-Sex Marriage Legalization in United State of America – Is Legalized Same-Sex Marriage Inevitable? Since the first same-sex marriage occurred in United States in 2004, the issue of gay people’s rights to get married emerged to the surface. Since then, multiple states have put forward their policies of gay marriage successively

The Spanish Chicano Culture - 1386 Words

Anzaldua in her essay, How to Tame a Wild Tongue† provides an insight of how she experienced the concept being brought up in dual culture society. On one hand, one of the cultures involved the American culture that she experienced on her academic journey. This culture expected her to adhere and speak clearly to the American English language. For instance, the culture required that â€Å"if Anzaldua what to be American, Speak ‘American.’ If you don’t like it, go back to Mexico where you belong† (2). On the other hand, the other culture was her native culture, Spanish Chicano. The Spanish Chicano culture has been her culture since she was at a tender age and throughout her life. In this culture, Anzaldua believes â€Å"Chicano Spanish is not incorrect; it is living language† (2). Therefore, one could be viewed as a cultural traitor because one ruins the Spanish Language if he/she speaks another language such as English. This paper, therefore, sheds light to the challenging and conflicting cultural ideas exhibiting from the dual culture. Arab culture and American Culture. Anzaldua in her literature portrays the both side of the psychological and cultural change consequently to the convergent of the two or more cultures, also known as acculturation process. Here, the writer represents one side by the American culture and the other side by the Mexican culture. For one to become a fully assimilated and accepted in the American culture one has to conform to the American culture andShow MoreRelatedThe Chicano Spanish And Chicano1284 Words   |  6 PagesSeptember 15, 2015 Title- The Language of Chicano The Chicano Spanish people are a discriminated group of people in a society where they felt rather ashamed of their language. In the essay of what Anzaldua wrote about the Chicano Spanish were discriminating themselves of being a marginalized group that their language was socially inferior to the dominant discourse, the English language in America. The Chicano, or the Spanish people, in American society’s goal was that they wan tedRead MoreThe Chicano Spanish1005 Words   |  5 Pagesabout the Chicano spanish were indiscriminating themselves of being a marginalized group that their language was socially inferior to the dominant discourse language, the English language in America. The Chicano, or the Spanish people, in American society main priority that they wanted to get of the their cultural language to become â€Å" Americanized† of speaking the dominant discourse. The Chicano spanish people then felt uncomfortable that their traditional language by speaking Spanish to other peopleRead MoreHow A Wild Tongue By Gloria Anzaldua1236 Words   |  5 PagesAnzaldà ºa explores the challenges encountered by these groups. She especially focuses on her people, the Chicanos, and describes the difficulties she faced practicing her mother tongue. She argues that for many years, the dominant American culture has silenced their language. She claims that by forcing them to speak English and attempting to elim inate their accents, the Americans have robbed the Chicanos of their identity. She also addresses the issue of low self-esteem that results from this process ofRead MoreTaming Anzalduas Contact Zone Analysis984 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent cultures meet and inform each other, often in highly asymmetrical ways.† Pratt describes what she calls ‘contact zones’ and elaborates on the pros and cons of these cultural interactions. She sees the contact zone as a place that allows people to exchange cultural ideas and break down the dividing cultural borders. When a contact zone is started, people are able to interact on new levels gaining a new perspective because they are able to collaborate with people from foreign cultures. If youRead MoreChicano Essay Definition1067 Words   |  5 PagesThe word Chicano involves more than just a cultural identification. There has been a continuity of a discussion of its origins, it meanings, its purpose and its affirmations thr oughout generations. Through oral history, scattered essays, Chicano studies courses and personal relationships, I have evolved my usage of the word Chicano, as many in history have. Through experience I have learned that social, geographical and economical elements have twisted and turned the meaning according to the moralRead MoreChicanos And The Liberal Agenda1075 Words   |  5 PagesChicanos and the Liberal Agenda In the early sixties, when times were of segregation, racism and discrimination, Chicanos often suffered the most. It was a dark time for Mexican-Americans, who were negatively referred as ‘Chicanos’. Chicanos did not always have the empowered meaning it has today. In the early sixties, ‘Chicano’ was often used to refer to Mexican-Americans’ as lower class, ignorant and as a derogatory racial identification. Furthermore, racism, exploitation, inequality, conformityRead MoreLanguage Is More Violent Than War?1426 Words   |  6 Pagesspeaking Spanish and English, and was always being policed on what language I was allowed to speak. If I was with my parents they only wanted me to speak in Spanish and when I was at school I was actually forced to only speak English. Gloria Anzaldua writes about the struggles Mexican Americans have in America within our own community and within the â€Å"American† standards. Langue is a part of our culture itâ₠¬â„¢s how we begin to communicate with those around us. In this article she explains how Chicanos expressRead MoreA Wild Tongue By Gloria Anzaldua And The New Mestiza1713 Words   |  7 Pagesof borders--between nations, cultures, classes, genders, and languages.† Anzaldua gives many examples of how she felt when being classified as a Chicana. Her thesis in this is that she is â€Å"arguing for the ways in which identity is intertwined with the way we speak and for the ways in which people can be made to feel ashamed of their own tongues.† Her Mother wanted her to choose either English or Spanish and not speak both. Anzaldua also talks about the slang in Spanish and how different parts of theRead MoreHow A Wild Tongue By Gloria Anzaldua And The New Mestiza1480 Words   |  6 Pages Have you ever had to fight to speak freely? Have you ever had to stand up for what you believe and your culture? When Anzaldua says â€Å"So, if you want to really hurt me, talk badly abou t my language† she wants you to feel every aspect of what she is saying. She is wanting you to know that she is standing up for her culture. In â€Å"How to Tame a Wild Tongue† she persuades her readers to believe the way she feels and that she has gone through hell to fight for what she believes in. â€Å"How to Tame a WildRead MoreEssay How to Tame a Wild Tongue741 Words   |  3 Pagesfeels her native Chicano Spanish language needs to be preserved in order to maintain cultural unity when used as a private form of communication. Her statement, for a people who cannot identify with either standard (formal, Castilian) Spanish, nor standard English, what recourse is left to them but to create their own language? suggests that despite the societal pressures of needing to learn more formal and ‘properly accepted English and Spanish, the very nature of the Chicano language is a unique

Relationship Between Ethical And Abusive Coaching...

The study â€Å"The Relationship Between Ethical and Abusive Coaching Behaviors and Student-Athlete Well-Being† was conducted by Mariya A. Yukhymenko-Lescroart, Michael E. Brown, and Thomas S. Paskus, and was published in the journal Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology. The researchers sought to understand the effects that a coach’s behavior had on a student’s morals, satisfaction, and impressions of team unity. Social-cognitive theory has long thought that we learn by imitating those around us, particularly those in leadership positions. The coaches of sports teams are especially prominent models in a student athlete’s life, given that they have actual authority over the student’s life. The idea of self-efficacy, which suggests that an†¦show more content†¦Coaches were first asked if their teams would participate, and if the coach approved, the students were given surveys to fill out with the assurance that it was voluntary and con fidential. Coaches were asked not to be present as the students filled out the surveys, which consisted of nineteen Likert-scale questions. 40.8% of the students were female, and the entire sample was primarily white, although 15.4% were black and 12.5% were â€Å"other.† This study had five main variables. First, the â€Å"inclusion climate,† or how unified the students felt their team was. This was measured by three questions on a 1 to 6 scale. Next was â€Å"willingness to cheat,† or the perceived readiness of fellow teammates to be dishonest, which was measured by a 1 to 5 scale question. Also measured was the â€Å"college choice satisfaction,† or how content the students felt about their choice of college. This was measured by three questions on a 1 to 7 scale. Next was â€Å"ethical leadership,† or whether the student felt that the coach was running the team with positive morals. It was measured by six questions on a 1 to 5 scale. Last was â€Å"abusive coaching behavior,† or how the students felt about their coach’s amount of abuse or lack thereof. This was assessed with three questions on a 1 to 5 scale. The perceived ethical climate of the school (measured via three 1 to 5 scale items), as well as th e gender of the team, how much media attention the teamShow MoreRelatedEssay on Ethical Principles1469 Words   |  6 PagesEthical Principles John Durham III PSY/305 March 7, 2016 Dr. Daven Salmi Ethical Principles Introduction The ethical issue that I chose to examine was an article about the relationship between ethical and abusive coaching behaviors and student-athlete well-being. I found this article very interesting because not a lot of people are aware of the ethical issues that have been and are currently going on in the athletic background. Believe it or not there are many ethical issues that relateRead MoreEthical And Abusive Coaching Behaviors And Student Athlete Well Being1339 Words   |  6 PagesThe article, The relationship between ethical and abusive coaching behaviors and student-athlete well-being by Mariya A. Yukhymenko-Lescroart, Michael E. Brown, and Thomas S. Paskus questions how coaches impact the athletes on their team and how it then affects those athletes. It is interesting because you never really see what goes on between a coach and an athlete unless you take a closer look. Many athletes rely on their coaches to do more than just coach them. In a way, they are guiding themRea d MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 PagesHuman Resource Management (MGT501) VU MGT - 501 T his subject/course is designed to teach the basic principles of Human Resource Management (HRM) to diverse audience/students, including those who are studying this as a supporting subject for their bachelor degree program. This course is designed to provide you the foundations of HRM whether you intend to work in HRM or not, most of these elements will affect you at some point in your career. Either you will be working with some organizationsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY